Condom
 


Condoms are never 100% effective
preventing sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). Their effectiveness varies depending on the consistency of their use, and only protect around 60 to 80% from some STDs ,[1],[2],[3] meaning that in 1 out of 3 times you have sexual intercourse you can get infected.[4]

Even using consistently a condom in every sexual intercourse, it only portects 30% against the sexually acquired infection of herpes simplex virus ,[5] this means that you can get infected in 7 out of 10 sexual relations .

Many STDs are contracted via skin to skin contact contact in areas were the condom does not protect, this include human papillomavirus (HPV), herpes simplex virus (HSV-2)[8], syphilis, Lymphogranuloma venereum or chancroid.[9],[10],[11],[12],[13].

Condoms offer inadequate protection against three of the most common STDs: VPH, HVS-2 and Chlamydia .[14]

Condoms have elevate percentages of ruptures ranging from 12% to 30%;[15],[16],[17],[18],[19] and there have been reports of up to 35%.[20]

Condoms have a high number of failures in preventing pregnancy, reports data indicate 12%,[21],[22] 13%,[23] 17%[24] and up to 50% during the second year of usage. [25]

 

 

 

References:

[1] Crosby RA, DiClemente RJ, Wingood GM, Lang D, Harrington KF. Value of consistent condom use: a study of sexually transmitted disease prevention among African American adolescent females. Am J Pub Health 2003; 93(6):901-2.

[2] Workowski KA, Berman SM. Sexually transmitted disease treatment guildelines, 2006.MMWR 2006; 55(RR11):1-94.

[3] Cayley W. Effectiveness of condoms in reducing heterosexual transmission of HIV. Am Fam Physician 2004; 70(7):1268-69.

[4] Winer RL, Huges JP, Qinghua F, O´Reilly BS, Kiviat NB, Holmes KK, et al. Condom use and the risk of genital human papillomavirus infection in young women. N Eng J Med 2006 Jun 22;354(25):2645-54.

[5] Martin ET, Krantz E, Gottlieb SL, Magaret AS, Langenberg A, Stanberry L, et al. A Pooled Analysis of the Effect of Condoms in Preventing HSV-2 Acquisition. Arch Intern Med 2009; 169(13): 1233-40.

[6] Kalichman SC, Simbayi LC, Cain D, Jooste S. Condom failure among men receiving sexually transmisible infection clinic services, Cape Town, South Africa. Sex Health 2009; 6:300-4.

[7] Abma JC, Martinez, GM, Mosher, WD, Dawson BS. Teenagers in the United States: Sexual activity, contraceptive use, and childbearing, 2002. National Center for Health Statistics. Vital Health Stat 2004;23(24):1-48.

[8] Rana RK, Pimenta JM, Rosenberg DM, Tyring SK, Paavonen J, Cook SF, et al. Demographic, behavioral and knowledge factors associates with herpes simplex virus type 2 infection among men whose current female partner has genital herpes. Sex Transm Dis 2005; 32(5): 308-13.

[9] Workowski KA, Levine WC. Sexually transmitted diseases treatment guidelines 2002. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. MMWR Recomm Rep 2002; 5(RR-6):1-78.

[10] Genuis SJ, Genuis SK. Managing the sexually transmitted disease pandemic: a time for re-evaluation. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2004; 191:1103-12.

[11] Fitch JT, Stine C, Hager D, Mann J, Adam MB, Mcilhaney J. Condom effectiveness. Factors that influence risk reduction. Sex Transm Dis 2002; 29(12): 811-17.

[12] Genuis SJ, Genuis SK. Primary prevention of sexually transmitted disease: applying the ABC strategy. Postgrad Med J 2005; 81:399-301.

[13] Workowski KA, Levine WC. Selected topics from the Centers for Disease Control and prevention sexually transmitted disease treatment guildelines 2002. HIV Clin Trials 2002; 3(4):421-33.

[14] McIIhaney JS Jr. Sexually transmitted infection and teenage sexuality. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2000; 183(2):334-9.

[15] Ahmed G, Liner EC, Williamson NE, Schellstede WP. Characteristics of condom use and associated problems: experience in Bangladesh. Contraception 1990; 42(5):523-33.

[16] Crosby R, Yarber WL, Sanders SA, Gram CA, Arno JN. Slips, breaks and "falls": condom errors and problems reported by men attending an STD clinic. Int J STD AIDS 2008; 19(2):90-3.

[17] Albert AE, Hatcher RA, Graves W. Condom use and breakage among women in a municipal hospital family planning clinic. Contraception 1991; 43(2):167-76.

[18] Crosby R, Sanders S, Yarber WL, Graham CA. Condom-use errors and problems. A neglected aspect of studies assessing dcondom effectiveness. Am J Prev Med 2003; 24(4):367-370.

[19] Yarber WL, Graham CA, Sanders SA, Crosby RA. Correlates of condom breakage and slippage among university undergraduates. International Journal of STD and AIDS 2004; 15:467-72.

[20] Crosby R, DiClemente RJ, Holtgrave DR, Wingood CM. Design, measurement, and analytical considerations for testing hypotheses relative to condom effectiveness against non-viral STIs. Sex Transm Inf 2002; 78:228-31.

[21] Trussell J. Contraceptive failure in the United States. Contraception 2004; 70(2):89-96.

[22] Parkes A, Wight D, Henderson M, Stephenson J, Strange V. Contraceptive method at first sexual intercourse and subsequent pregnancy risk: findings from a secondary analysis of 16-year old girls from the RIPPLE and SHARE studies. J Adolesc Health 2009; 44(1):55-63.

[23] Weller SC. A meta-analysis of condom effectiveness in reducing sexually transmitted HIV. Soc Sci Med 1993; 36(12):1635-44.

[24] Kost K, Singh S, Vaughan B, Trussell J, Bankole A. Estimates of contraceptive failure from the 2002 National Survey of Family Growth. Contraception 2008; 77(1)10-21.

[25] Gayón VE, Hernández OH, Sam SS, Lombardo AE. Efectividad del preservativo para prevenir el contagio de infecciones de transmisión sexual. Ginecol Obstet Mex 2008; 76(2):88-96.

 
 

 

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